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Torricelli's experiment

The Italian physicist and mathematician Evangelista Torricelli (1608-1647), a friend of Galileo Galilei, carried out various experiments in order to measure the atmospheric pressure.

Torricelli used a 1m long graduated tube closed at one end. He filled the tube with mercury and plunged the open end into a vessel containing mercury. Reflecting on the fact that, after a certain time, the vessel level no longer varied, Torricelli was conclusive in determining that atmospheric pressure did this action. And since the mark presented was 76 cm, it defined that the atmospheric pressure would have the value of 760 mm of Hg (chemical symbol of the mercury).


Torricelli performed this experiment more often, varying the site. He verified that the altitude influenced the height of the column of mercury, which led him to the conclusion that the atmospheric pressure decreases with the altitude. And why did you use mercury? Torricelli used mercury because it is a liquid metal, at room temperature and because it has a high density value, using its characteristics as a good conductor of heat and dilating little in relation to the change of altitude.

Source: https://profes.com.br/Rafaela.a.f/blog/experimento-de-torricelli

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Questions About Torricelli

1- Who was Torricelli? a)A chemist b)A physicist who created the laws of the orbits of the planets c)He was a Italian physicist and mathematician d)It was a physicist and mathematician who formulated the law of the elliptical orbits e)Physical creator of the law of inertia of uniform rectilinear motion 2- (UEPI) A body is abandoned from a height of 20 m in a place where the acceleration of gravity of Earth is given by g = 10 m / s2. Disregarding friction, the body touches the ground with speed: a) equal to 20 m / s b) null c) equal to 10 m / s d) equal to 20 km / h e) equal to 15 m / s 3- An automobile begins a trajectory with a speed of 5 m / s and performs a uniformly varied movement with acceleration equal to 2 m / s2. Calculate the space traveled by the car, knowing that at the end of the trajectory its speed was 25 m / s. a)150 b)200 c)250 d)100 e)55 4- An object is thrown at a height of 30 m and initiates the uniformly varied motion with velocity of 5 m / s
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Torricelli's Biography

Torricelli (1608-1647) was an Italian physicist and mathematician. He discovered the principle of the barometer. His studies on calculus gave rise to the Integral Calculus. He dedicated himself to the study and planning of telescopes, microscopes and precision instruments. Torricelli (1608-1647) was born in Faenza, a region in northern Italy, on October 15, 1608. He was a brilliant pupil of the Jesuit College of Faenza. At the age of 16 he was sent to Rome to study with Benedetti Castelli, who was a disciple of Galileo and a professor of mathematics at the Collegio di Sapienza. Torricelle's first essay, "On the Projectiles," was sent to Galileo who was impressed by the student's analytical and mathematical ability. In 1641 the Grand Duke of Tuscany invited Torricelli to join Galileo's then-78-year-old, almost blind team of collaborators. They did not work together for long, three months later, on January 8, 1642, Galileo died. Torricelli was immediately appointe
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